Introduction to the knowledge of insulators

The insulator is a kind of electrical equipment, that is, a special insulation control, which can play an important role in overhead transmission lines. As can be seen, insulators play a very important role.

1．Insulators can be divided into different types, their use values are different, and they play an important role in the protection of electrical equipment. Insulators can be divided into high-voltage insulators, low-voltage insulators, anti-pollution insulators, suspension insulators and bushing insulators according to their structure.

2.Insulators are usually made of composite silicon, glass or Porcelain. Insulators perform two basic roles in overhead transmission lines, supporting the wires and preventing current from flowing back to the ground. It is also necessary to ensure these two roles, that is, one of the isolating appliances, which is a good insulating device, plays an important role in power equipment, and can effectively protect power equipment from damage.
3. The electrical faults of insulators mainly include flashover and breakdown. The flashover occurs on the surface of the insulator and burn marks are visible. The breakdown occurs inside the insulator and discharges through the ceramic body located between the iron cap and the iron foot. There may be no traces on the outside, but the insulating properties have been lost, and the insulator may be completely damaged by the arc. For faults, check the iron feet and pay attention to the discharge traces of the burning situation.

4. In addition to the weight of wires and metal fittings, the mechanical loads borne by insulators must also withstand heavy loads caused by wind loads, snow loads, wire jumps, and improper operations during transportation and installation

5. From an electrical point of view, insulators must not only insulate wires from the ground, but also withstand overvoltage shocks caused by lightning strikes and switching operations. Local overheating due to elasticity caused by voltage shocks shall not cause cracking of tempered glass insulators. All external factors affect the performance of insulators.

6. Common insulators used in overhead lines include pin insulators, butterfly insulators, suspended porcelain bottle insulators, porcelain cross arms, rod insulators and tensile insulators. These insulators are mainly used for overhead lines with good insulation properties.